The AX-1 has one height sensor per spraying module, each pointing straight down toward the ground.
Figure 1 Height sensors measurement
Each sensor continuously measures the distance to the first solid surface below it, whether that's bare soil or the top of the crop canopy. All readings are filtered and combined into a single boom height estimate, which the AX-1 uses in real time for two things:
Boom positioning: the boom automatically adjusts up or down to keep the nozzles at 15 cm above the target surface.Droplet timing: each nozzle release droplets precisely at the right moment based on the actual measured height.
This means the AX-1 maintains consistent and accurate spray placement automatically, even as terrain and crop height vary a little across the field.